Fertility has always been a central theme in many cultures and myths. Female deities were revered as givers of life, and their influence was crucial to the survival of a community. In Greek mythology, Persephone represents both fertility and the underworld, which illustrates the close connection between life and fertility.
Overweight and its role in infertility
Being overweight can significantly affect a woman’s fertility. With a BMI of over 40 kg/m², the chance of pregnancy decreases significantly. Adipose tissue produces hormones and affects hormonal balance, which can lead to menstrual disorders. This often manifests itself in irregular or absent menstruation, which further reduces fertility. Studies show that the risk of infertility in overweight women is three times higher than in women of normal weight.
Hormonal disorders and PCOS
One of the most common causes of infertility in overweight women is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This syndrome affects about one in ten women and leads to a hormonal imbalance that affects fertility. PCOS can be recognized by enlarged ovaries with multiple follicles, excessive androgen production, and irregular menstrual cycles. Being overweight can exacerbate these symptoms, as adipose tissue increases the production of hormones such as testosterone, which can lead to further cycle disruptions.
Treatment and lifestyle changes
Although there is no cure for PCOS, lifestyle changes can help control symptoms and improve fertility. Weight loss and physical activity are crucial. For patients who are severely overweight (BMI over 35 kg/m²), long-term, stable weight loss is often achieved through weight loss surgery. Studies show that menstrual cycles and fertility often normalize after such procedures.
Conclusion
Overweight has a significant impact on female fertility and is a risk factor for PCOS. Young, overweight women should be encouraged to lose weight in order to improve their fertility. A gynecological examination before weight loss surgery is also recommended to ensure the best possible treatment.
